紫微斗數的主星和副星雜矅起好之後,會按不同時間安上主星四化,代表因時間引起主星發生變化,尤其在推斷人生不同時期的運勢變化,就需要四化這套工具。
四化不是單獨的主星或副星,而是依附在主星,描述主星產生不同變化的形容詞。有時四化被稱為四化星,可能只是為了方便,不應把四化當作獨立的星矅處理。
四化分為幾種,分別有按出生年天干所定的生年四化,一般寫在命盤之中。按大限命宮的天干所定的大限四化,還有按在日曆上的天干所定的流年四化,則引起每十年和每年的運勢起伏,一般都不寫在命盤上,須要熟記用來推斷,也可以用排盤程式生成的大限盤和流年盤,但四化體系較為常用,也很容易記住。當然這套四化系統,也可以套用在流月、流日、流時,作更仔細的推斷。
四化的分配如下:
為了方便記憶,也可以簡化為:
甲廉破武陽;
乙機梁紫陰;
丙同機昌貞;
丁陰同機巨;
戊貪陰陽機;
己武貪梁曲;
庚陽武府同;
辛巨陽曲昌;
壬梁紫府武;
癸破巨陰貪。
四化自然包含了四種主星的變化,分別為化祿、化權、化科及化忌,分別代表著事情發展的四個階段。化祿為起始階段,代表主星的特性增加和增多;化權為第二階段,事情開始後,就是收緊和集中的階段,這時人們集中研究事情的本義、初心、將矛頭指向正確的方向;化科為擴散的階段,化科帶有名聲散播開來,事情變得表面,形式化的意思;化忌是事情結束的階段,代表變異和變質,不再是原本的樣子了,變成另一回事了。
舉例來說,從前香港沒有西餐,起初有人把西餐傳到香港了,那是化祿的階段。由於西餐是特別的菜色,只集中在西餐廳提供,這是化權階段。慢慢西餐成為很多人喜愛的菜式,西餐廳愈開愈多,這是化科的階段。最後各種食肆都想提供西餐,於是茶餐廳做出湯通粉、西多士等變異了的西餐,來迎合香港人口味,反而成為了一種新口味新菜色,這是化忌的階段。
很多時坊間把祿權科當成佳化,化忌是唯一的壞事,又衍生出「三奇嘉會」這種特殊格局。一生不如意事十常八九,決不會只有四份之一這樣少,三方四正會照了化祿、化權和化科,不僅忽略了四化只是依附在主星的變化,不具有獨立的意義,還錯誤地以為祿權科就是好事,忌就是壞事。在上述例子中,沒有那一個階段絕對的好,也沒有絕對的壞,只是發生了不同的事情。
另外,不同紫微斗數門派流傳著不同的四化版本,這個中洲派版本一直使用也沒有發現問題,因此也沒有深究其他版本。若按此四化版本研究,可以細味一下當中的規律,相信一定埋藏了古人的智慧。舉例來說,不少主星都按著祿權科忌這四個階段演變,這年化祿,第二年就會化權,如此類推。我們做事情時,最起始時用了什麽態度或方法,很多時就按照四化的規律發展下去。例如尋找工作,一開始尋找很多空缺,那是機會很多的天機化祿,然後找緊其中一個機會就是天機化權,其他空缺自然就拒絕了,就成了天機化忌。又例如留意不同主星化祿的次序,可以發現甲年起都是思想型的工作開始,廉貞化祿是想出新的體制,天機化祿是很多新的機會,太陰化祿是計劃增加,都不是實在的事情。到戊年是貪狼化祿代表溝通增加,武曲化祿把計劃真正執行,太陽化祿更發展得更為廣泛。
四化是斗數中十分特別的體系,可以說是把命盤動起來,也是跟其他祿命術不同之處。
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